merry christmas

ලංකාවේ තල්මසුන් හා ඩොල්ෆින් මත්ස්‍යයන් 'වඳවීමේ තර්ජනයක්'

මිනිස් ක්‍රියාකාරකම් හේතුවෙන් ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ තල්මසුන් සහ ඩොල්ෆින් මත්ස්‍යයන් වඳවීමේ තර්ජනයකට මුහුණ දී සිටින බව පරිසර විද්‍යාඥයෙක් පවසයි.

ත්‍රිකුණාමලය, මිරිස්ස සහ කල්පිටිය තල්මසුන් සහ ඩොල්ෆින් මත්ස්‍යයන් දක්නට ලැබෙන අතර, ඒ අතරින් වසරේ සෑම දිනකදීම එම සතුන් දැකිය හැකි එකම ස්ථානය මිරිස්ස මුහුදු තීරයයි.

එහෙත් මේ වනවිට මිරිස්ස ප්‍රදේශයේද ඔවුන් වඳව යාමේ තර්ජනයක් පවතින බව සමුද්‍ර පරිසර ආරක්ෂණ අධිකාරියේ සාමාන්‍යාධිකාරී ආචාර්ය ටර්නි ප්‍රදීප් කුමාර පෙන්වා දෙයි.

• නිල් තල්මසුන් වෙනුවෙන් කැපවුන ලාංකික විද්‍යාඥවරිය
• සංචාරක කර්මාන්තය නිසා 'ගිලිහී ගිය මානව හිමිකම්'
• ඩොල්ෆින් මසුන් සමග කල්පිටිය මුහුදේ සංචාරයක්
• හතලිස් ගණනකට වැඩි තල්මසුන් ගේ පොසිල චිලී රටෙන්

"වෙරළට ආසන්නයේම තිබෙන ගැඹුරු මුහුදේ එම සතුන්ට කිමිදෙන්න පුළුවන් නිසාත්, හොඳට ආහාර සොයාගන්න පුළුවන් නිසාත් මෙම ප්‍රදේශවල එම සත්වයින් ගොඩාක් එකතුවී සිටින," බව සමුද්‍ර ආචාර්ය ටර්නි ප්‍රදිප් කුමාර බීබීසී සිංහල සේවයට පැවසීය.

"ලංකාවේ තල්මසුන් හා ඩොල්ෆින් විශේෂ කිහිපයක්ම එක වතාවකදී බලා ගැනීමට හැකිවීම මේ ප්‍රදේශවල සුවිශේෂී ලක්ෂණයක්."

ධීවර කර්මාන්තය සහ ශ්‍රී ලංකාව ආසන්නයේම තිබෙන ජාත්‍යන්තර නාවික මාර්ගය හේතුවෙන් තල්මසුන් හා ඩොල්ෆින් මසුන්ගේ ස්වභාවික දිවි පෙවෙතට දැඩි තර්ජනයක් එල්ල වී ඇති බවයි, ඔහු පවසන්නේ.

"ධිවර කර්මාන්තය සදහා භාවිත කරන දිග දැල් වර්ග මෙම සතුන්ගේ ඇඟේ පැටලීම නිසා මෙම සතුන් හානියට පත්වෙනවා. අනික තල්මසුන් හා ඩොල්ෆින් නැරඹීමකට වඩා සිදුවන්නේ ඔවුන් පසු පස පැන්නීමක්."

2012 දී පමණක් නැවුවල ගැටී මියගිය තල්මසුන් 12 දෙනෙකු වෙරළට ගොඩ ගසා තිබූ බවත් ආචාර්ය ටර්නි ප්‍රදීප් කුමාර සඳහන් කළේය.

මේ තත්වය පාලනය කිරීම පිණිස සතුන් නැරඹීමේ සංචාරක ව්‍යාපාරය දැඩි පාලනයකට යටත් කිරීමේ අවශ්‍යතාවය ඔහු අවධාරණය කරයි.

''සමහර අය මාළු අල්ලන්නෙත් ඩොල්ෆින්ලගේ උදවුවෙන්. නමුත් සමහර අය ආහාරයට ගන්න එයාලා මරනවා. ඒවගේම මම දැක්ක දෙයක් තමයි තල්මසුන් නැරඹීමේ තරගය නිසා එම සතුන්ගේ ආසන්නයට බෝට්ටු ගමන් කිරීමෙන් වන හානිය."

මේ තත්වය පාලනය කිරීම පිණිස දැඩි නීති විධිවිධාන හඳුන්වා නොදුන්නොත් ඉතා ඉක්මනින්ම මිරිස්ස ප්‍රදේශයේ තල්මසුන් හා ඩොල්ෆින් දැකිය නොහැකි තත්වයක් උදා විය හැකි බවට ඔහු අනතුරු අඟවයි.

දැනට තිබෙන සංචාරක බෝට්ටු ප්‍රමාණය වැඩි බැවින් රජය මැදිහත් වී මෙම තල්මසුන් නැරඹීමේ යාත්‍රා ප්‍රමාණය පාලනය කළ යුතු බව දිගු කලෙක සිට මිරිස්ස ප්‍රදේශයේ තල්මසුන් නැරඹීමේ සංචාරක ව්‍යාපාරයක නියැලෙන රංගන මනෝච් බීබීසී සංදේශයට පැවසීය.

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දින නවයකට පසු මාගම්පුර පණ ලබයි

හම්බන්තොට මාගම්පුර වරායේ සේවකයන් දින නමයක් පුරා පවත්වාගෙන ගිය අඛණ්ඩ වැඩ වර්ජනය සහ උපවාසය අද (15) දහවල් නිමා කරමින් සියළු සේවකයෝ සේවයට වාර්තා කළහ.

                                                        

මාගම්පුර වරාය චීන සමාගමකට භාර දෙන බැවින් වරායේ සේවය කරන සේවකයින්ගේ රැකියා අහිමි වීමේ තර්ජනයට පිළියමක් ලෙස තමන් වරාය අධිකාරියට බඳවා ගන්නා ලෙස ඉල්ලා සිටිමින් පසුගිය 07 වෙනිදා මෙම සේවකයෝ මාගම්පුර වරායේ ප්‍රධාන දොරටුව අභියස විරෝධතාවයක් ආරම්භ කළහ.

විරෝධතාවයේ නියැලී සිටි සේවකයන්ට එම ස්ථානයෙන් විසිර යන ලෙස දන්වා අධිකරණ නියෝගයක් නිකුත් කරනු ලැබීමෙන් අනතුරුව උපවාසය සඳහා ඉදි කළ වේදිකාව ඉවත් කළ සේවකයෝ මාගම්පුර වරායේ 'සයුරු පාය' ගොඩනැගිල්ල වෙත සේවයට වාර්තා කළහ.

වරායේ සේවකයන් 483 දෙනාගේම රැකියා සුරක්ෂිත කරන බවට වරාය සහ නාවික අමාත්‍යය අර්ජුන රණතුංග සහතික වූයෙන් වැඩ වර්ජනය අත්හැරීමට තීරණය කළ බව ඔවුහු පැවසූහ.

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                                                    dakshina fernando 

Aleppo Syria battle: Evacuation of rebel-held east

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) says it expects this number to double by the end of the day.

Government forces, backed by Russian allies, took nearly all remaining rebel-held parts of Aleppo this week after a four-year battle.

It represents a major victory for President Bashar al-Assad.

He hailed the "liberation" of Aleppo and said history was being made.

Global solidarity over Aleppo

How Srebrenica's survivors view Aleppo

What's happening in Aleppo?

What happens next?

The evacuation of civilians, rebels and their families had been due to take place on Wednesday but an earlier ceasefire deal collapsed.

It is unclear how many rebels are being evacuated along with civilians. The evacuees are being transferred to rebel-held areas in neighbouring Idlib province.

"This for us is the first step, it was a positive one," Robert Mardini, ICRC regional director for the Near and Middle East, told Reuters news agency in Geneva.

"We were able so far to evacuate 26 wounded persons from east Aleppo and close to 1,000 civilians, who were transferred from east Aleppo to western rural Aleppo."

"Many more" rotations of buses and ambulances would be needed in the coming days, he added.

Syrian state TV had earlier said that "4,000 rebels and their families would be evacuated from eastern districts on Thursday", adding that "all the procedures for their evacuation" were ready.

A statement from the Russian Centre for the Reconciliation of Opposing Sides in Syria, part of Russia's ministry of defence, said the Syrian authorities had guaranteed the safety of all members of the armed groups who decided to leave Aleppo.

Hezbollah, the Lebanese Shia Muslim movement backing the Syrian government, said there had been "big complications" but that "intensive contacts... led to re-consolidating a ceasefire to exit armed fighters from eastern districts".

The rebels confirmed a fresh ceasefire had come into effect at 03:00 GMT and that a new deal had been agreed.

As operations began, an ambulance service official in eastern Aleppo said that one convoy of ambulances had been shot at, with three people injured.

The White Helmets civil defence group tweeted that one senior volunteer had been shot and injured by a sniper while clearing an evacuation route for ambulances.

Where are the evacuees being taken?

Buses and ambulances are taking the injured, civilians and rebel fighters to the neighbouring province of Idlib, most of which is controlled by a powerful rebel alliance that includes the jihadist group Jabhat Fateh al-Sham.

The buses left Aleppo via the road through the government-controlled south-western district of Ramousseh, heading towards the nearby rebel-held towns of Khan Touman and Khan al-Asal.

The chief of the Russian military's General Staff, Gen Valery Gerasimov, told a news briefing: "A humanitarian corridor has been created for the evacuation of militants."

"This corridor is 21km long," he said, adding, "6km lie across Aleppo's territories controlled by government troops and another 15km through territories in the hands of illegal armed groups."

Twenty passenger buses and 10 ambulances were being used for the operation, the general said. Some rebels were using their own vehicles, numbering 100, he said.

Elizabeth Hoff, of the World Health Organization, said the operation was "going smoothly".

How many remain in eastern Aleppo?

The figures vary wildly. Generally it's believed up to 50,000 people remained ahead of the evacuation.

That is said to include about 4,000 fighters and about 10,000 family members of fighters.

However, one Turkish government minister said up to 100,000 people might have to be evacuated.

Aleppo's besieged residents have faced weeks of bombardment and chronic food and fuel shortages.

Medical facilities in the city have largely been reduced to rubble, as rebels have been squeezed into ever-smaller areas by a major government offensive, backed by Russian air power.

Russian Lt Gen Viktor Poznikhir said on Thursday that, with the evacuation, the Syrian armed forces had almost finished their operations in Aleppo.

Why did the earlier deal fail?

Syria's government and its ally Iran had insisted the evacuation from eastern Aleppo could happen only with the simultaneous evacuation of two villages - Foah and Kefraya - being besieged by rebels in north-western Syria.

• Trapped in Aleppo - in pictures
• 'The most beautiful city in the world'
• What happened to those who said last goodbyes?

Hours after the first agreement - brokered mainly by Russia and Turkey - collapsed, air strikes resumed.

What will the government do next?

In October, President Assad said victory in Aleppo would be "the springboard... to liberate other areas from terrorists", a term the government uses to describe all rebel fighters.

He singled out Idlib province, west of Aleppo, that is almost entirely controlled by an alliance of Islamist rebel factions and Jabhat Fateh al-Sham, formerly known as al-Nusra Front.

Idlib contains border crossings used by rebels to receive supplies from Turkey, a key backer. It also borders the coastal province of Latakia, the heartland of Mr Assad's minority Alawite sect.

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Fossil footprints tell story of human origins

Footprints made by early humans millions of years ago have been uncovered in Tanzania close to where similar tracks were found in the 1970s.

The impressions were made when some of our distant relatives walked together across wet volcanic ash.

Their makers, most likely Australopithecus afarensis, appear to have had a wide range of body sizes.

Scientists say this gives clues to how this ancient species of human lived.

Australopithecus afarensis is one of the longest-lived and best-known early human species.

The fossil of "Lucy", a young adult female who lived in Ethiopia 3.2 million years ago, is perhaps the most famous individual.

The newly discovered footprints may have been made by a male walking with smaller females.

"This novel evidence, taken as a whole with the previous findings, portrays several early hominins moving as a group through the landscape following a volcanic eruption and subsequent rainfall. But there is more," said lead researcher Prof Giorgio Manzi, director of the archaeological project in Tanzania.

"The footprints of one of the new individuals are astonishingly larger than anyone else's in the group, suggesting that he was a large male member of the species.

"In fact, the 165cm stature indicated by his footprints makes him the largest Australopithecus specimen identified to date."

Gorilla-like lifestyle

In 1976, preserved footprints thought to be made by Australopithecus were discovered at a site in Laetoli, Tanzania.

At 3.66 million years old, they are the oldest documented bipedal footprint trails.

Now, the discovery of a second set of footprints has been revealed in the journal, eLife.

The tracks were found during excavations for a museum only 150m south of the original discovery.

The researchers, based in Italy and Tanzania, think the two sets could belong together, giving clues to the lifestyle of Australopithecus.

"A tentative conclusion is that the group consisted of one male, two or three females, and one or two juveniles, which leads us to believe that the male - and therefore other males in the species - had more than one female mate," said Dr Marco Cherin, director of the school of paleoanthropology at the University of Perugia.

The finding suggests their social structure was "closer to a gorilla-like model than to chimpanzees or modern humans", they say.

In gorillas, one male and a number of females form a mating and child-rearing group.

The study also raises questions about how human feet were made for walking.

Bipedal walking

Australopithecus were capable of walking upright on two legs, but we don't know how much they resembled modern humans in the way they walked.

Prof Robin Crompton of the University of Liverpool, who is not connected to the study, said the latest footprints will give more information, once statistical work is done.

"Some people have argued that they have a slightly different gait, but I don't think there's any good evidence for that," he told BBC News.

"If humans have been walking the same way as we do now for more or less 3.65 million years, and human ancestors - in another genus - Australopithecus - then that's really fairly exciting."

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                                       dakshina fernando 

Qantas to fly from London to Australia non-stop

Passengers will be able to fly from London to Australia non-stop for the first time when airline Qantas launches its new service from March 2018.

Australia's national carrier says it will connect Perth, in the west of the country, to the UK capital using Boeing 787-9 Dreamliners.
The 9,000 mile (14,498km) flight will take 17 hours.
Perth will be a hub for passengers from eastern Australia going to the UK, tourism minister Steven Ciobo said.
He also said the new service would boost employment and tourism in Australia, a sector growing three times faster than the rest of the national economy, and one that supports 580,000 jobs.
Mr Ciobo also said that the UK was Australia's third-largest source of international visitors, with 660,000 people travelling from there to Australia in 2015.
"When Qantas created the Kangaroo Route to London in 1947, it took four days and nine stops," Qantas chief executive officer Alan Joyce said.

"Now it will take just 17 hours from Perth non-stop."

 

 

• Perth is often said to be the most remote city in the world as its nearest city of one million people is Adelaide - 1,207 miles (2,104km) away. However, Auckland in New Zealand is even more remote with Sydney its closet, some 1,337 miles (2,153km) away
• The city dates to 1829 when the Swan River Colony was established by the British government. Aboriginal people had however lived in the area for thousands of years
• It was named after the Scottish town of the same name, which was the birthplace and parliamentary constituency of then British Secretary of State for the Colonies, Sir George Murray
• The Perth Mint, which opened in 1899, is Australia's oldest existing mint - it struck more than 106 million gold sovereigns and nearly 735,000 half-sovereigns from 1899-1931
• Actor Heath Ledger and cricketers Dennis Lillee, Terry Alderman and Justin Langer, were all born in Perth, while actress Isla Fisher lived there from the age of six

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He added: "The opportunities this opens up are huge.
"It's great news for travellers because it will make it easier to get to London. It's great news for Western Australia because it will bring jobs and tourism. And it's great news for the nation, because it will bring us closer to one of our biggest trade partners and sources of visitors."
The Boeing 787-9 Dreamliners used on the route will carry 236 passengers, Qantas said.
The new flights will make up the longest non-stop passenger route in the world.
The current longest non-stop scheduled flight is Emirates Airlines' 14,200-kilometre Dubai-to-Auckland, New Zealand, service, which takes 16 hours 35 minutes in an Airbus A380.

What else can you do in 17 hours?

 

• Watch Gone With The Wind four and a half times
• Fly to the International Space Station almost three times
• Read about a third of War And Peace - at an average of three words a second
• Watch the first 18 episodes of Games of Thrones, and still have half an hour to spare.
• Drive round the M25 - at 70mph, with no traffic - 10 times
• Play 11 games of football

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The first air travel connecting the UK to Australia began in 1935, flying passengers from Sydney to Singapore, where services linked with London-bound flights.
However, the journey time to London was 12 days and included a section on a train.
Qantas launched its pioneering weekly service on the Kangaroo Route on 1 December 1947, initially taking four days and carrying 29 passengers and 11 crew from Sydney to London.
The journey flew to Darwin, in northern Australia, and then on to Singapore, Calcutta in India, Karachi and Cairo, before it travelled to Tripoli, in Libya, and then on to London.
The announcement of the new route comes as Boeing also announced airline Iran Air was buying 80 of its passenger planes.
The 10-year deal includes the purchase of 50 Boeing 737 aircraft and 30 777 planes.

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                                                              dakshina fernando